Provide support for parents and guardians to increase protective factors such as ensuring social connections and strengthening knowledge of parenting and child development. NeighborhoodScout has done just that. The chance of becoming a victim of a non-violent crime in 2018 was 1 in 21.39 persons, while the chance of becoming a victim of a violent crime was 1 in 129. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Example: Thats it. Lumberton is a town in North Carolina with a population of 19,186. The Sheriffs Offices Drug Enforcement Division conducts surveillance and answers calls solely related to drug activity across the county. ", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "
I was born and raised here and visit at least once a year at Christmas. Click to read! There are only 15,000 people in Laurinburg, and yet, three times a day here, someone is the victim of some type of property crime. (The US average is 35.4) NOTE: The city of Lumberton, North Carolina does not have FBI Crime Statistics. Kinston downtownkinston.com You might have passed through Kinston on your way to the beach. Residents of Reidsville had a 1 in 20 of being the victim of a property crime throughout 2020. The property crime rate in the ranks 206th highest in the United States -- 23.91% better than US average property crime rate. For Sale. NATIONWIDE -- Two Carolina cities are among the most dangerous cities in America, according to a new report. There are lots of people who throw the term ghetto around. Weddington is the richest city in North Carolina, with a median income of $136,891. The city of 14,861 had 10 murders in 2020, the highest rate statewide. In 2018, 1,305 were reported, making the chances of becoming a target yourself a shocking 1 in 15.58. If you're looking for something more national, check out the most dangerous cities in America or the most dangerous states in America. Violent offenses tracked included rape, murder and non-negligent manslaughter, armed robbery, and aggravated assault, including assault with a deadly weapon. "Match Any Neighborhood" calculates the Match Level of one neighborhood to another using more than 200 characteristics of each neighborhood.Yes, North Carolina is a dangerous state as it ranks as the #17 based on our analysis of the latest FBI Crime Data. The 2016 Lumberton crime rate rose by 5% compared to 2015. Plus, this is the 5th poorest and the least educated among North Carolinas cities. All rights reserved. The county also led the state in 2014, 2015, 2017 in violent crime rates and was No. Statesville is north of Charlotte, along I-77. For example, Glenwood is the safest in Raleigh, while Central is considered dangerous by many based on recent crime stats. Lumberton, North Carolina was right behind at fourth on the list. The total reported in 2018 was 853 for the total population of 15,991. According to NeighborhoodScout's analysis of FBI reported crime data, your chance of becoming a victim of one of these crimes in Lumberton is one in 41. That means 1 in 55 here was subject to a violent crime during the reporting period. Ranking website Road Snacks mined FBI crime data from 2016 to determine the most dangerous cities in the Tar . Download it here. THERE ARE BEAUTIFUL HOMES WEATHER YOU WANT AN APARTMENT, SINGLE WIDE TRAILER, OR TWO STORY HOME LUMBERTON HAS IT ALL. Note the latest reporting year from the FBI was 2020 and that no city in America is 'dangerous'. The population in 2018 was reported to the FBI as 8,793. Robeson County had the highest violent crime rate in the state with a rate of 1,190 per 100,000 people in 2020, according to an annual report released in October by the SBI. Fees that Niche receives for ads do not affect the terms you may be offered by the lender you choose. The violent crime rate in north carolina ranks 2highest in the United States -- 8.13% worse than US average violent crime rate. In the FBI's statistics for non-violent crimes per capita. Even without a single murder in 2020, Wadesboro had the highest violent crime rate in North Carolina. For example, Glenwood is the safest in Raleigh, while Central is considered dangerous by many based on recent crime stats.
Selecting a category below will take you to another page, Alright.. During 1997, 393 violent crimes were committed in Lumberton, 9 murders, forcible rapes, 132 robberies, 132 aggravated assaults, 2998 property crimes, 920 burglaries, 1917 counts of larceny and/or theft, 161 motor vehicle thefts, 21 counts of arson, and many more non-violent crimes and misdemeanors. Reach Jessica Horne at 910-416-5165 or via email at [emailprotected], Address: Yes, North Carolina is a dangerous state as it ranks as the #17 most dangerous state in the United States based on our analysis of the latest FBI Crime Data. Property crime is also all too common in Henderson, so be sure nobody steals your catch after a day out fishing on Kerr Lake. An additional effort, she said, is being supported by a $17 million federal grant to NCDPI to help 15 school districts increase the number and diversity of mental health service providers in high-needs schools. Explore crime rates for Lumberton, NC including murder, assault, and property crime statistics. There are museums for the history buffs and Tuckasegee River has fun white-water rafting for the adventurers! 8. Among high school students, a total of 5,991 acts of crime and violence were reported during the 2021-22 school year, compared to 4,850 reported for the 2018-19 school year. Offer trauma-informed care training to school staff and employees. He has been featured in over 500 publications as an expert in real estate and as an authority on real estate trends. ", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": " Lumberton, NC Property Crime Statistics A property crime includes burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft and arson. This is possible by associating the 9.4 million reported crimes in the U.S, including over 2 million geocoded point locations. Were taking aggressive steps to respond this year, and were seeking more resources for next year to provide students with the help that they need.. The survey from the U.S. Department of Education found that 84% of a representative sample of public schools either agreed or strongly agreed that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the behavioral development of their students; 87% of schools agreed or strongly agreed that the pandemic negatively impacted the socioemotional development of their students. Population: 5,221Rank Last Year: 2 (Up 1)Violent Crimes Per 100k: 2,375 (Most dangerous)Property Crimes Per 100k: 6,990 (Fourth most dangerous)More on Wadesboro: |Cost Of Living. The Safewise Report listed popular vacation destination Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, as the third most dangerous city in America. Use at your own risk. Extremely safe. Real World Data. Your chance of being a victim of violent crime in Burlington is 1 in 119 and property crime is 1 in 22. But which of the largest cities in North Carolina are the most ghetto of all? However, they later found a third victim at a different location from the original crime scene after hearing that someone was shot in the arm. The city violent crime rate for Lumberton in 2016 was higher than the national violent crime . To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Williamston also recorded the fourth highest burglary rate in the state, so be sure to keep your doors locked here.No, Raleigh is not a dangerous city. Based on violent and property crime rates. Keep in mind that are always safe and dangerous parts of any city, so even though Raleigh might be considered safe you still need to be aware of where you are. Income: $28,922Drop out rate: 37%Discount outlets: 2nd most in NC. Even as schools reopened after the historic disruptions of the 2019-20 and 2020-21 school years, many students returned to in-person learning facing academic and social challenges after a year of remote instruction, relative isolation and limited face-to-face interactions with peers and educators. Lumberton has a community that feels like a family, its a beautiful little town, and theres so much history!
Compared to other big cities, the violent crime rate in Raleigh ranks 18highest in America -- 28.57% better than US average violent crime rate. Employ a social worker at each school (elementary, middle and high) to focus on prevention, intervention and referral. 2175 N. Roberts Ave, RALEIGH Reflecting similar trends across the nation, North Carolina public schools reported increases during the 2021-22 school year of incidents involving student misconduct, crime and violence. It seems another online publisher is throwing down some smack regarding where to find the most dangerous cities in the Tar Heel State. Just 15 miles southeast of Charlotte, its location is great for those who want to be close to a bigger city, but enjoy the quieter lifestyle that suburbia provides. Please. Additionally, one case of arson went on the record in 2018. login. Swipe left for slideshow. Lumberton, NC, USA 2. Income: $37,394Drop out rate: 21%Crime: 23rd worst. :). That's mostly due to a whole bunch of aggravated assault cases, but having the second highest rate of rape cases also doesn't help. Select your ideal criteria and let Scout do the rest. 6. Not safe at all. wind speeds 207-260 mph) tornado 11.3 miles away from the Lumberton city center injured 21 people and caused between $50,000 and $500,000 in damages.. On 3/28/1984, a category F4 tornado 22.2 miles away . Crime rates are decreasing across large cities in the United States, but murder rates are on the rise. The violent crime rate in north carolina ranks 2highest in the United States -- 8.13% worse than US average violent crime rate. Dekota Ray Locklear Officials initially reported the crime as a double homicide. But actually looking inside and reading the book makes all the difference. Kinston is another out there city thats miles from anywhere else on the eastern side of the state. Well, residents had a 1 in 56 of finding themselves the victim of a violent crime in 2020, the third highest odds in North Carolina. The SBI provides the collection of data to the FBI's National Incident-Based Reporting System, as part of the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR). This article is an opinion based on facts and is meant as infotainment. State Superintendent of Public Instruction Catherine Truitt said the data underscores the need for the most effective measures to keep students and schools safe while doing everything possible to support the well-being of students with strong mental health services. Violent crimes (murder and manslaughter, robbery, and aggravated assault) were recorded as happening much less, however, with 119 reported during the year at a rate of 1 incident per 134 residents. Likewise, the non-violent crime rate was one incident per 22.2 persons for a total of 369 non-violent crimes reported during the same period. It was higher than in 99.8% U.S. cities. For our analysis, we focused on the JUST released 2020 data, specifically the 2020 Crime In The United States Report. Do we think the problems in North Carolina's most dangerous places are directly related to high unemployment, low wages, and lack of rehabilitation programs? Additionally, high school graduation rates are determined by looking at the total number of people who live in a city, not the current graduation rate of an areas high schools. Wed love to know your opinion, so feel free to join the conversation. From the Department of Public Instructions Consolidated Data Report 2021-22, specifically the General Findings section displaying the crimes committed by students. Continue with Recommended Cookies, : This data reflects the 2020 calendar year and was released from the. Brian Keith Polimeda, of Shannon, is 6-foot-1, weighs 250 pounds and is bald, the sheriff's office said. Income: $26,985Drop out rate: 25%Crime: 12th worst. The Laurinburg Police Department sure has their work cut out for them. With a population of 33,901, there were 236 violent crimes reported in 2018. Thompson Rd, Lumberton, NC 28358 is a lot/land. Compared to other big cities, the violent crime rate in Raleigh ranks 18highest in America -- 28.57% better than US average violent crime rate. Williamston motto might be "easy living with hometown values," but there's nothing easy about living in the place with the third highest crime rates in North Carolina. LUMBERTON DOES HAVE TWO DIFFERENT GYMS AND QUIET A FEW PUBLIC PARKS. One's chance of becoming a victim of either violent or property crime here is one in 11. IT IS A PLACE WHERE SOUTHERN HOSPITALITY STILL EXIST. The ratio of all residents to sex offenders in Lumberton is 179 to 1. He has written for 39 publications across the country and ran the media relations department at Movoto, a real estate portal based in San Francisco. Get hyperlocal forecasts, radar and weather alerts. LUMBERTON, N.C. (WBTW) Lumberton police are seeking more information in a shooting Wednesday morning that sent three people to the hospital. With a population of 18,694, Lumberton has a combined rate of violent and property crime that is very high compared to other places of similar population size. In fact, so far, all of these cities are isolated, meaning theyre not suburbs of any major city. A whopping 4 murders in 2013, plus 1,400 property crimes means you have to seriously watch your back all the time here. Violent crimes. Get full property details, plus crime rates, environmental hazards, natural disaster risks and more at HomeDisclosure.com - 211351512. Thats just asking for trouble. Fairly safe. Overall, property crime is the bigger issue in Reidsville, so keep an eye on your wallet when you're out for an event at Market Square. Have a look: In order to make the analysis as apples to apples as possible, we only considered North Carolina cities over 5,000 in population. Lumberton, NC 28358, Lumberton, NC News, Obituaries, classifieds, and Sports, Registration deadline Friday for grain meeting, Smith promises aggressive enforcement of dog ordinance, PSRC leaders continue defense of El Curriculum, NC report shows increase in student misconduct in 2021-22, Innovation, 3D printing saves UNCP swim meet, Pirates softball beats Hoke County in Saturday matinee, UNCP roundup: Swimmer Mencia Martinez headed to NCAA Championships, Pirates hit as Register hits 200 career wins. That's -44.76% lower than the national rate of 2,346.0 per 100,000 people and -51.85% lower than the Texas total crime rate of 2,691.5 per 100,000 people. In order to compile our list, we looked at FBI data for violent crimes and property crimes in Texas cities with a population of 5,000. The search engine finds the neighborhoods that are the optimum fit to the set of criteria you choose. The public education system had one of the highest dropout rates and is not at all rigorous. How do you decide if a place is ghetto or not? Lumberton crime rates are 43% higher than the North Carolina average. Its right at the entry to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, so you'll love it if you're a nature fan. IF YOU AREN'T INTO CLUBS AND BARS YOU CAN ALWAYS HANG OUT AT THE WAL-MART. Raw data sources: Crime risk data are updated annually. So, you must be wondering, how does one navigate these dangerous North Carolina cities when trying to make an informed decision on where you should call home? Despite the uptick in murders, it's nothing like you'd see in Tijuana or Caracas where the murder rate is 2x any American city. Lumberton is the 22nd most populated county out of North Carolina's 100 counties, but it has the "greatest prevalence of homicides of the state and holds the grim distinction of one of the nation's most violent rural communities." In the town, youths are 2 times more likely than other parts of the state to die before they reach age 18. She's lived in the Carolinas for nearly three decades and currently resides in Charleston. Despite the uptick in murders, it's nothing like you'd see in Tijuana or Caracas where the murder rate is 2x any American city.
When measuring the largest cities in North Carolina, Henderson is the 2nd worst for crime. For more North Carolina reading, check out: In order to rank the most ghetto places in North Carolina, we had to determine what criteria defines a ghetto city or neighborhood. Eventually, this spiraled into a lawsuit and an investigation by the U.S. Senate. Among them: Address: If you need a laugh, check out 5 North Carolina Foods Taste Tested By Californians. Crime risk indices are nationally comparable on a 1 100 scale, where 100 means safer than 100% of U.S. neighborhoods. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Crime is ranked on a scale of 1 (low crime) to 100 (high crime) Lumberton (zip 28358) violent crime is 66.0. LUMBERTON HAS BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS. This property is currently available for sale and was listed by LPRMLS on Mar 3, 2023. In fact, there were more burglaries than larcenies in Laurinburg, which is extremely rare. In that same year, violent crimes (murder, manslaughter, robbery, aggravated assault) totaled 68 incidents while non-violent crimes racked up 411 reports, including property crimes like burglary, larceny theft, and stolen vehicles. According to the latest FBI numbers, there were three murders in 2013, and you have a whopping 1 in 7 chance of being the victim of a property crime for every year you stay here. Thanks to these forces, the town boomed from the late 19th century into the middle of the 20th, with the population growing from a little more than 1,200 people in 1880 to nearly 25,000 residents in 1960. The property crime rate in the Tar Heel State ranks 16th highest in the United States -- 13.7% worse than US average property crime rate. Now let us turn to take a look at how Lumberton does for violent crimes specifically, and then how it does for property crimes. LGBTQ Local Legal Protections. Higher means more crime, U.S. average is 254.8. Jump to a detailed profile, search site with google or try advanced search. With so much talk about dangerous cities in the state, its good to know that there are plenty of safe options as well! According to RoadSnacks, their information for creating the list of the ten worst cities is based upon the most recent FBI statistics available (which are from 2018) for North Carolina cities with a population over 5,000. Income: $28,728Drop out rate: 28%Crime: 6th worst. And lucky for you, RoadSnacks is here to tell you where the most crime is committed in the TarHeel State: we've created a list of the top ten most dangerous places in North Carolina for 2022. Lumberton has an overall crime rate of 17,607 per 100,000 residents. The report also reveals that large cities like New York and D.C. arent on the list because the data is adjusted to per capita rates. City-data.com does not guarantee the accuracy or timeliness of any information on this site. Residents here are also very much struggling. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Additionally, here are the least ghetto places in NC: Pinehurst, Lewisville, Murraysville, Summerfield, Holly Springs. View crime rates for all cities, towns, counties, and regional authorities in North Carolina. Get full property details, plus crime rates, environmental hazards, natural disaster risks and more at HomeDisclosure.com - 212950402. All your crime rates in one place. The rate of crime and violence per 1,000 students increased from 10.73 to 13.16 across the same time span. Importantly, we found that Lumberton has one of the highest rates of motor vehicle theft in the nation according to our analysis of FBI crime data. The city of 14,861 had 10 murders in 2020, the highest rate statewide.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'roadsnacks_net-banner-1','ezslot_7',604,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-roadsnacks_net-banner-1-0'); All forms of violent crime are quite prevalent in Henderson, where residents had a 1 in 49 shot of being the victim of an attack over the year. RALEIGH, N.C. - Two Lumberton men were sentenced for gun and drug crimes. Note the latest reporting year from the FBI was 2020 and that no city in America is 'dangerous'. Its hard to deny what facts and figures say, but were not in total agreement with the way things shake out on their list (see below). Property Crime Clearances Persons Arrested Police Employee Data Table 6 NORTH CAROLINA Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by City, 2016 Data Declaration Download Excel Table 6 State Listing 1. Regardless of whether Lumberton does well or poorly compared to all other cities and towns in the US of all sizes, compared to places with a similar population, it fares badly. You can even take a sweet train ride through the park with the Smoky Mountains Railroad, giving it that old-fashioned feel that the whole family will love. In terms of violent crimes, Rolesville is 86% lower than the national average, so you can rest easy if you live in this peaceful town. Violent Crime Comparison (per 1,000 residents), Property Crime Comparison (per 1,000 residents). 183 HOOD RD, LUMBERTON, NC 28358 - Get a FREE Property Report for this home. In 2018, your chance of becoming a victim of either a violent or a non-violent crime was 1 in 18.67. Likewise, the non-violent crime rate was one incident per 22.2 persons for a total of 369 non-violent crimes reported during the same period. Property crimes that are tracked for this analysis are burglary, larceny over fifty dollars, motor vehicle theft, and arson. According to the report the rate of crime was 7.51 acts of crime and violence per 1,000 students enrolled. Community Concerns Report any community concerns in Lumberton. The 2016 crime rate in Lumberton, NC is 1,222 (City-Data.com crime index), which is 4.5 times higher than the U.S. average."}}]}. On the bright side, Reidsville one of only a few places on this list with 6 murders for the year. In 2018, Robeson County ranked fifth highest in the state in overall crime with 4,226.7 per 100,000 people. The latest reporting year from the FBI was 2020.
In fact, the town itself can trace its roots to a time before the founding of the United States. In the Northeast area, known to be the safest part of the city, your chance of being a victim of a crime is only 1 in 84. Property crimes in the United States also decreased 5.6% during the same time period. Note the latest reporting year from the FBI was 2020 and that no city in America is 'dangerous'. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Most accurate 2021 crime rates for Burlington, NC. Robeson County in 2018 ranked fifth in the rate of violent crimes, murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault, with 684.9 per 100,000 people. One of the smallest cities to make the list, Whiteville's population was reported as 5,401 in 2018. Income: $33,998Drop out rate: 24%Crime: 9th highest. The team is made up of six deputies trained in Special Weapons and Tactics who focus on complaints such as drug dwellings, prostitution, and street crimes, Wilkins said. Income: $30,243Crime: 14th worstDropout rate: 29%. Note the latest reporting year from the FBI was 2020 and that no city in America is 'dangerous'. Florida Street and a major area south of downtown is quite ghetto. Income: $38,490Drop out rate: 21%Discount outlets: 1st per capita. Many families live in Lumberton and residents tend to lean liberal. While several serious, low-incidence categories of crime and violence showed declines including sexual assault, sexual offense and assault resulting in serious injury three higher offenses and crimes increased, according to the report. 8,376,755. Heres the deal with New Bern: Sure, a big part of downtown is nice and quaint, and there are sprawling areas of the city that are very nice, with responsible members of the North Carolina community. The MLS # for this home is MLS# 699094. While there are lots of retail and construction (blue collar) jobs in Kinston, theres a lack of a professional presence here, which means low-paying jobs, poverty and high crime. Keep in mind that are always safe and dangerous parts of any city, so even though Raleigh might be considered safe you still need to be aware of where you are. Niche requires Javascript to work correctly. Lumberton is officially the ghetto. Henderson's population in 2018 was reported as 14,780. Richmond, at 4,719.1 per 100,000 people, led the state, followed by Durham and Scotland counties. You will receive your first newsletter soon. The latest reporting year from the FBI was 2020.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'roadsnacks_net-leader-4','ezslot_17',704,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-roadsnacks_net-leader-4-0');Is Raleigh, NC a dangerous city?No, Raleigh is not a dangerous city. The Consolidated Data Report and associated data also showed that while consistent with pre-pandemic trends, racial minorities, low-income students and males were more likely to face disciplinary actions as short- or long-term suspensions or placements in alternative schools for disciplinary reasons. There isnt a place in North Carolina where there are more drug stores and convenience stores than here. That military connection still has some reverberations, given the surprising levels of violence experienced among the 8,431 residents of modern-day Clinton. You can literally turn a corner here and go from peaceful and safe to watch your back.. {"@context": "https://schema.org","@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [{"@type": "Question", "name": "Is North Carolina a dangerous state? Her love for travel has taken her to many parts of the world. Based on employment rates, job and business growth, and cost of living. And while that doesn't seem like that many for the ninth largest state in the country in population, it is above the national average; and coincidentally one of the top 25 most dangerous states in the country. Here, crime is also really high. NeighborhoodScout provides exclusive crime risk analytics for every neighborhood in America with up to 98% predictive accuracy. This means that your chances of becoming a victim of any type of crime in Lumberton is 1 in 6 if you reside there for a year. We also wrote about the 10 Most Redneck Cities in North Carolina if you didnt happen to see it. You'll be hard pressed to find a good dose of southern hospitality in most of North Carolina's dangerous cities: these cities are more concerned with cleaning up their neighborhoods and fighting crime. RESTURANTS AREN'T AT A SHORTAGE FAST FOOD IS ALWAYS BOOMING. 2175 N. Roberts Ave, For more North Carolina reading, check out: Taking the #1 spot on our list of North Carolina's most dangerous places is Wadesboro, a town of 5,221 about an hour southeast of Charlotte. Raw crime incidents are sourced from all 18,000+ local law enforcement agencies municipal, county, transit, park, port, university, tribal and more, assigned to localities, then built into NeighborhoodScouts proprietary predictive models to provide a comprehensive crime risk profile for every neighborhood and address-vicinity in the U.S. More about NeighborhoodScouts crime data methodology, By sending this Report you agree to NeighborhoodScout's, My Chances of Becoming a Victim of a Instead, this Clinton gets its name from an American Revolution general. Data included in North Carolinas annual Consolidated Data Report to the General Assembly, presented today to the State Board of Education, shows an overall increase in crime and violence during the 2021-22 school year when compared to years immediately preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. It's located in one of the poorest counties in the state, few good-paying jobs. Those in Whiteville have a 1 in 11.46 chance of experiencing a non-violent crime, placing it at the top of the list of dangerous towns in North Carolina. This community in eastern North Carolina now has a population of 19,862, with narrowing economic prospects contributing to a rise in crime. We use data, analytics, and a sense of humor to determine the dirt on places across the country. Article continues below. After analyzing the largest cities here, we came up with this list as the most ghetto places to live in North Carolina: In case youre wondering, Pinehurst is the least ghetto city of all we measured. All the trademarks displayed on this page are the property of Location, Inc. When a quarter of the population didnt even get a GED by the age of 25, and a whopping half of the population lives below the poverty line, things are bad in a big way. Unfortunately, it has been downhill from there. That's a higher rate . The same data shows violent crime levels in Lumberton tend to be much higher than North Carolina's average level. Address: 2175 N. Roberts Ave, Lumberton, NC 28358 The Charlotte, NC murder rate is 11 homicides per 100,000 people. Discover the schools, companies, and neighborhoods that are right for you. States; North Carolina; Robeson County; Lumberton; Lumberton, NC - 871 Streets . The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. National survey data from schools last year showed that many students struggled to readjust to school culture and expectations, resulting in more misbehavior and violations of school rules and laws.