Saris Slovak has 85% intelligibility of Polish. As an example, in the case of a linear dialect continuum that shades gradually between varieties, where speakers near the center can understand the varieties at both ends with relative ease, but speakers at one end have difficulty understanding the speakers at the other end, the entire chain is often considered a single language. For me having learnt some Slavic languages and watching Bulgarian TV was not very difficult. A Serbian native speaker felt that the percentages for South Slavic seemed to be accurate. Macedonian is a little easier, since its more a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian. I always aske her about whether she understands Bulgarian and Serbian and she claims Serbian is way closer to her language rather than Bulgarian. Price, Glanville (1971), French Language: Present and Past, Jameson Books, Pope, Mildred K. From Latin to French, with Especial Consideration of Anglo-Norman. My guest from Ukraine will have to guess 6 animals that I'll describe to her in Polish. Briefly put, mutual intelligibility is when speakers of one language can understand a related language to some degree. Although Chakavian is clearly a separate language from Shtokavian Croatian, in Croatia it is said that there is only one Croatian language, and that is Shtokavian Croatian. Id like to know about written mutual intelligibility, because, about spoken mutual intelligibility, there are people from portugal that cannot understand brazilians and vice-versa, though they speak the same language. If you know Polish, you're likely to understand a little Russian, Ukrainian and other Slavic languages, but this doesn't mean that the languages are mutually intelligible. Serbs until recently where still self titled Yugoslavs. Furthermore, not only does this app provide small lessons that can be expanded into full-on courses, but it also allows you to interact with native speakers of the target language. Then she talks about the cards in the bags, I again understand everything, but at 0:47, another stream of unintelligible sounds is starting. You must namely take into consideration that the mutual understanding depends on many things if you are LISTENING or READING, WHAT are people talking about, HOW FAST they are speaking, and even WHO is speaking. Save. In this case, another criteria I would also consider is how hard or easy it is for a Serb to start understanding Macedonian. Russian on the other hand uses the Cyrillic alphabet. I grew up as a Ukrainian speaker in North America. This comment is fantastic! Serbo-Croatian dialects in relation to Slovene, Macedonian, and Bulgarian: The non-standard vernacular dialects of Serbo-Croatian (i.e. Belarussian and Ukrainian have 85% similar vocabulary. I think it was mostly due to a learning few high frequency Polish words that are difficult for a Russian native speaker to understand. Russia Invades Ukraine pt XII. One way to look at Macedonian is that it is a Serbo-Croatian-Bulgarian transitional lect. Hello Mr Lindsay, So they speak Macedonian to me and I speak Serbian to them, and we understand each other perfectly. But, as the goal of the OP was to debunk the myth that says every slavic speaker can understand each other, he is quite right on that. Ponaszymu also has many Germanisms which have been falling out of use lately, replaced by their Czech equivalents. The British Academy funded research project dedicated to examining mutual intelligibility between Karakalpak, Kazakh and Uzbek languages is currently under way at the, This page was last edited on 6 February 2023, at 16:40. Tunisian Arabic is also considered mutually intelligible with Maltese, particularly with regards to idiomatic expressions. Personally Im a Taoist in relation to 9/11, the middle way, you know? 7. Albeit, Scots dialect is far more pronounced than English, and at times, can be unintelligible. Ni Torlak has six vowels the standard /a e i o u/ and a reduced schwa // thats found where a strong yer once used to be, as in dog and sadness (this vowel has merged with /a/ in Serbian, but the two yers were kept as separate reflexes /e o/ (merging with those full vowels) in Macedonian) with phonemic and morpho-lexical stress that has plenty of grammatically conditioned shifts. As a non-Ukrainian (as well as non-Polish) native speaker, I can understand Ukrainian through Polish more easily than Russian, even though I actually studied Russian formally, but never Ukrainian-:) . What if akavian person is from dalmatian coastal village which is now half tokavised and tokavian speaker is from Dalmatian city which still has some elements of akavian, ikavian yat and is full of romanisms? In Czech rep. Slovaks dont have to pass any language exams (the other foreigner do have to). Ukrainian pronounces the "o" as "o" whereas Russians pronounce it typically as an "a." The Ukrainian "" and "" have different pronunciations compared to their Russian equivalents, "" and "". Pannonian Rusyn is actually a part of Slovak, and Rusyn proper is really a part of Ukrainian. but the two languages are more different than some people think. 50% Many Poles insist that Silesian is a Polish dialect, but this is based more on politics than reality. This is a political point, of course. I can randomly pick up another paragraph from that Wikipedia page, and it would be harder: Only Croatians try so hard to press differences. Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages arent. It's also highly intelligible with Portuguese in writing, though less so when spoken. Sorry for so much criticism it is just my Czech/Moravian opinion on the subject. Ukrainian language, formerly called Ruthenian or Little Russian (now considered pejorative), Ukrainian Ukrans'ka mova, East Slavic language spoken in Ukraine and in Ukrainian communities in Kazakhstan, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, and Slovakia and by smaller numbers elsewhere. It is more like the other slavic languages (v instead of u, z instead of s, itd, less vowels, and no distinction between and ). Are Polish and Ukrainian mutually intelligible? The intelligibility of Belarussian with both Ukrainian and Russian is a source of controversy. Is there any way you could give me percentage figures for these observations of your wifes? Also, I can only understand a small bit of Russian, and Ukrainian is even more far off for me(the pronunciation is easier but understanding is harder) and I can understand quite a bit of bulgarian(especially when written). It is time to stop believing to the politically motivated propaganda about our languages and start telling the truth. Macedonian syntax and lexics are more similar to Serbian, even though structures of the language such as articles (no declensions) function as in Bulgarian. possession is indicated most frequently using dative pronouns, unlike Serbians tendency to use possessive pronouns in greater frequency Not everyone within each of the three broad dialect areas speaks Yiddish in the same way -- there are sub-dialects, but they are mutually intelligible. The main Turkologist I worked with on that chapter told me that he thought 90% was a good metric. An example of equal treatment of Malaysian and Indonesian: the, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, North Germanic languages Mutual intelligibility, Learn how and when to remove this template message, considered separate languages only for political reasons, "Listening instruction and patient safety: Exploring medical English as a lingua franca (MELF) for nursing education", "The Contribution of Linguistic Factors to the Intelligibility of Closely Related Languages", "Taking taxonomy seriously in linguistics: Intelligibility as a criterion of demarcation between languages and dialects", "uvalar: The Internal Classification & Migration of Turkic Languages", "Mutual Comprehensibility of Written Afrikaans and Dutch: Symmetrical or Asymmetrical? I think Robert has done articles on 9/11 conspiracy theories and their level of crediblity, yeah. Ja u da radim is a form more related to Macedonian and south eastern dialects of Serbo-Croatian. Czechs hardly ever study at Slovak universities. What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? Ive watched that movie on a croatian television with the croatian subtitle and understood that movie much much better, though Croatian also has a little differences. .Interestingly, Ukrainians can understand the Russian language better than the Russians would understand the Ukrainian. Serbians often say radiu and its very similar to Croatian raditi u or radit u, but sometimes Serbians say ja u da radim or even u da radim without ja (I), because u is first singular form of the verb hteti and ja is needless, but its very rare and common for southern Serbian dialects and also very very irregular in official Serbian, but that is very similar to official Macedonian. Your English is pretty much ok. Un- or fortunately, you are right about the thesis about Macedonian and Bulgarian. Ukrainian and Russian only have 60% lexical similarity. While Norway was under Danish rule, the Bokml written standard of Norwegian developed from Dano-Norwegian, a koin language that evolved among the urban elite in Norwegian cities during the later years of the union. For instance, he and she in Standard Macedonia is toj and taa respectively, very close to Bulgarian toy and tya. You are probably talking about the study Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages? The standard view among linguists seems to be that Lach is a part of Czech. I use Ethnologues list of languages and dialects, but extend it a bit. While common speech from urban areas arent always mutually intelligible across regions, speakers from these regions can often use a more formal form of Arabic to speak with each other. When it is relatively symmetric, it is characterized as "mutual". When Kievan Rus' fell to the Mongols in the 13th century, the formerly united states became split, and what were once very closely-related dialects began to . What about USAs dialects. Ability of speakers of two language varieties to understand the other, As a criterion for identifying separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, Alexander M. Schenker. BULGARIAN: Balgarskijat ezik e naj-rannijat pismeno dokumentiran slavjanski ezik. Id guess mutual intelligibility there is somewhere on the level of 75~80%, which is pretty pathetic. Basically, when you are listening to Bulgarians, you only hear an incomprehensible row of ta-jat-to-ta-jat-ta-to-ta. Intelligibility data for Saris Slovak and Ukrainian is not known. I can illustrate it on the video posted above Vojnata vo Bosna. Probably, ja u da radim for Bosnians and Croatians sounds very Serbian. Less than 90% mutual intelligibility = separate languages. Sign languages are independent of spoken languages and follow their own paths of development. Needless to say, Polish is very familiar too, except its phonology, getting the gist of which is just a matter of some time. He alleges that Sheikh later double-crossed British intelligence. He was a member of a group of linguists who met periodically to discuss the field. Usually, they can even write their theses in Slovak. Also there have been some czecho-slovak shows in TV lately like Czecho-Slovak Idol or Talent with judges and competitors from both countries and I have never heard of anyone who would complain about not understanding. No there is not. The historical development is characterized by four main periods. I think the OP exagerated a bit. I am really sorry, but if you are speaking about science, you cannot just say. Nevertheless, writing continues in various Kajkavian dialects which still retain some connection to the old literary language, although some of the lexicon and grammar are going out (Jembrigh 2014). Ukrainian and Russian are today closer than they were a hundred years ago due to Soviet Russification, and somewhat mutually intelligiblespeakers in Ukraine often switch back and forth from one . Saris Slovak has high but not complete intelligibility of Polish, possibly 85%. I cannot understand that much of kajkavski nor akavski, but I can understand more akavski than I can kajkavski. I put it to Google translator and I got this: The reason there are subtitles on Russian-language shows in Ukraine is because of Ukraines puristic state language policies. theres a macedonian TV program called Vo Centar, hosted by a macedoanian journalist who goes around the Balkans and interviews prominent names in politics etc. However, Chakavian magazines are published even today (Jembrigh 2014). Russian. What is the most mutually intelligible Slavic language? Perhaps you would care to explain why the FBI has NOT charged Osama Bin Ladin with 9/11 but with the African Embassy bombings. The Macedonian spoken near the Serbian border is heavily influenced by Serbo-Croatian and is quite a bit different from the Macedonian spoken towards the center of Macedonia. Additionally, Norwegian assimilated a considerable amount of Danish vocabulary as well as traditional Danish expressions. However, leaving aside Kajkavian speakers, Croatians have poor intelligibility of Slovenian. Ukrainian and Belarusian are the closest languages, as together with Russian they form the East Slavic group of languages. . Get 70% off + 10 languages + 14 day free trial. However, in terms of vocabulary Ukrainian is closer to Polish, from which it has borrowed a large number of words. Routledge. What languages are mutually intelligible with Russian? The Chinese language, on the other hand, is comprised of a number of dialects that arent always mutually intelligible. For me personally, Serbian is very interesting, because it sounds like Macedonian, but a bit different because of the declensions. The Aegean Macedonian dialects mostly spoken in Greece, such as the Lerinsko-Kostursko and Solunsko-Vodenskadialects, sound more Bulgarian than Macedonian. Its a nasty drug, and I hear its addicting. Russian is also 85% mutually intelligible with Belarusian and Ukrainian in writing. Ukrainian and Belarusian are pretty much mutually intelligible (source: I am a poet in Belarusian, I go to poetry festivals in Belarus quite often and there are no interpreters for the Ukrainian poets invited to international events). Is Ukrainian closer to Russian or Polish? Some famous linguists who are acquaintances of mine (they have Wikipedia pages) told me that they thought that 90% was a good metric. Is there any particular method to determine this? Russian: 15% spoken, 25% written I have no problems understanding the Torlakian dialect. The grammar in both languages is similar, but, predictably, there are a few differences: While Ukrainian includes the past continuous tense, there are only three tenses in Russian (past, present and future). Many Turkic languages are mutually intelligible to a higher or lower degree, but thorough empirical research is needed to establish the exact levels and patterns of mutual intelligibility between the languages of this linguistic family. The main difference is in the ortography. slavic mutual newspaper 5%? Is Ukrainian more like . Polish and Ukrainian mutual intelligibility question. It should be noted that this division is conditional (actually: arbitrary) (and) names do not reflect the different languages, but only periods in the development of the Bulgarian language, which (have) detectable traits. 2. Below is an incomplete list of fully and partially mutually intelligible languages, that are so similar that they are sometimes considered not to be separate, but merely varieties of the same language. Czech-Slovak is now 91%, Czech-Serbo-Croatian is 18%, Czech-Macedonian is 17% and Czech=-Bulgarian is 13%. You really need to go look at the new version of the paper. non-Shtokavian dialects: Kajkavian, Chakavian and Torlakian) diverge more significantly from all four normative varieties. Mutual intelligibility mostly applies to the educated, standardized forms of these languages, not to the various sub-standard dialects. 0%? But other results that included Czech and Bulgarian were very poor. (Jim Morrison). Also how much of Rusyn do Russians understand on a % basis? For instance, akavian Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. Jembrigh, Mario. Ukrainians needs to make small preparation to become able for listening comprehension of Polish. The main Shtokavian dialects of Croatian, Serbian, Montenegrin and Bosnian are mutually intelligible. Personal communication. Generally, when foreigners say speakers of a certain language speak too fast, speakers of that language can hear that fast speech just fine. Youre welcome Robert, for a non-slavic speaker, you have a pretty good grasp of these linguistic niceties. In fact, many Macedonians are switching away from the Macedonian language towards Serbo-Croatian. Robert does look at these stories. Kajkavian is probably closer to Slovenian than it is to Chakavian. Colloquial Ukrainian spoken in most of the country is pretty much comprehensible to Russians. But I can tell you this. Ive done tests with my friends shtokavians-only (or monolingual Croats regarding the situation here) and it was very interesting. 8. Main difference between akavian, kajkavian and tokavian is in vocabulary. Eastern Slovak may have 72% intelligibility of Ukrainian. Intelligibility between Balachka and Ukrainian is not known. In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three West Slavic (Czech, Slovak and Polish) and three South Slavic languages (Croatian, Slovene and Bulgarian). However, Balachka is dying out and is now spoken only by a few old people. Yes and if you could more than one listener, it would be great. I once had a conversation with a young woman from the Czech Republic. Likewise with Polish vs Czech, and Slovenian vs Standard Croatian (these pairs are the most commonly mistaken as mutually intelligible). In this week's Slavic languages comparison, we talk about animals in Polish and Ukrainian. I can easily translate the first two sentences: Bulgarian is the oldest documented Slavic language. These recommendations are based on research into the mutual intelligibility of Germanic languages, conducted by Femke Swarte. 5 (2): 135146. https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA Answer (1 of 16): I'm neither Polish nor Ukrainian but I know Polish to a good level and basic Ukrainian; I can comment on the understandability of Ukrainian for Poles. 4. Bulgarian lexics does not seem to be familiar to Macedonians, what shows that Macedonian has been for too much time separated from the contact with Bulgarian which made Bulgarian unknown for Macedonian ear. The intelligibility of Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian is highly controversial, and intelligibility studies are in order. I could try. In the 1500s, Kajkavian began to be developed in a standard literary form. According to a paper on Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family (link in comments): Native Belarusian speakers can understand 80% of spoken Ukrainian and 80% of written . Serbs/Croats used to live in the south Poland and they moved south to the current location. It is an official language of the Bulgarian republic and one of 23 official languages of the European Union. The problem is that most linguists are not interested in scientific intelligibility testing of language pairs. FluentU is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Speakers of the Torlak dialect (any Torlak dialect) understand Serbo-Croation, Macedonian and Bulgarian with no problem, and can comprehand Slovenian as much as 80-90% within a few weeks of exposure. 1. It seems polish and bulgarian are the easiest for me to understand (save for bosnian, serbian, and crnogorski). Toj e oficialnijat ezik na Republika Balgarija i edin iz 23-te oficialni ezika na Evropejskija sajuz. I believe My parents (and naturally me when I was child) make a lot of mistakes in the word cases and it means that they are (for the speakers from more west Serbian and also Croatian region) the lower social group, that they are not educated enough or that they are unread, and why dont Macedonians in their native language too, especially in ex Yugoslavia. Sledva da se otbelei, e tova delene e uslovno i imenata ne otrazjavat razlini ezici, a samo periodi v razvitieto na balgarskija ezik, za koito se otkrivat charakterni belezi. Crazy! To my opinion, Macedonian and Bulgarian would be today much closer if Macedonian had not been heavily influenced by Serbian and Bulgarian not influenced so much by Russian. Silesian itself appears to be a macrolanguage as it is more than one language since as Opole Silesian speakers cannot understand Katowice Silesian, so Opole Silesian and Katowice Silesian are two different languages. I also run a YouTube channel where I try to put the differences within the Croatias borders online since many whove seen them were surprised (or shocked). It is difficult to get a high-paying job that requires skill and . a person with Virgin ears from any where in the Czech republic and west and central Slovakia will understand each other fairly well. There are new scientific figures for Czech-Slovak, Czech-Serbo-Croatian and Czech-Bulgarian. Pretty accurate I think. Pannonian Rusyn lacks full intelligibility of Rusyn proper. Heres his interview with Bosnian figures, and Bosnian is part of B/H/S landscape In the case of Croatian and Slovene, the intelligibility is asymmetric, since Slovene participants could understand Croatian better than vice versa. With this, off I go to sleep. http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/wanted_terrorists/usama-bin-laden/view Ukrainian, and Belarusian. The Bulgarian language is the earliest written record Slavic language. Is there an agreed-upon standard? Nice to meet you, Robert; Ill make sure to read more of your articles now! Postby voron 2018-01-26, 22:33. In this week's Slavic languages comparison we talk about animals in Polish and Ukrainian. The Answer, and Examples for 8 World Languages. It is also said that West Slovak (Bratislava) cannot understand East Slovak, so Slovak may actually two different languages, but this is controversial. In my experience, its quite easy. I think that Russian has at least 89% with Belorussian, because I understand all speech in Belorusian. Slovak is closely related to Czech, to the point of mutual intelligibility to a very high degree, as well as Polish.Like other Slavic languages, Slovak is a fusional language with a complex system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. When there, they have to pass a language test. There are some words that we don't understand, but in general, these languages are much closer to each other than the pairs Russian-Ukrainian and Russian-Belarusian. My take on it is right here. I speak tokavski croatian (and can read and understand serbian (both cyrillic and latin) and can adapt my croatian to be more serbian grammatically and with vocabulary) and just recently I had a conversation where I spoke croatian and the other person spoke polish. So, i've been interested about how much Polish speakers can understand Ukrainian without learning the language, but, most results i found said it's not really mutually intelligible, despite sharing alot or some words. Croatian-Shtokavian is only a dialect of Serbian language. People observing conversation between Cieszyn Silesian and Upper Silesian report that they have a hard time understanding each other. I can read and understand a lot of Bulgarian in written form, its basically old slavic , many such words are simply obsolete or archaic in modern serbian, but i do get the gist of any written article. The unintelligibility is only due to the manner of speaking and not because of lexical and/or grammatical differences. This is because colloquial Ukrainian is closer to the Ukrainian spoken in the Soviet era which had huge Russian influence. NATO EU. Other Western Slovak speakers (Bratislava) say that Eastern Slovak (Kosice) is hard to understand. Nevertheless, the ISO has recently accepted a proposal from the Kajkavian Renaissance Association to list the Kajkavian literary language written from the 1500s-1900 as a recognized language with an ISO code of kjv. We speak in our own, or we speak locally. I do hope that you understand the point. Serbo-Croatian has variable intelligibility of Macedonian, averaging ~55%, while Nis Serbians have ~90% intelligibility with Macedonian. Email me and give me your name please and I will use you in the paper. http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1289113786/last-1289113786/British+intelligence+links+to+African+Emabssy+bombings. Yet, it is closer to Russian that standard Ukrainian. 25/01/23 | StarsInsider. Slovak: 20% Slobozhan Ukrainian speakers in this region find it easier to understand their Russian neighbors than the Upper DnistrianUkrainian spoken in the far west in the countryside around Lviv. 0%. Spanish is most mutually intelligible with Galician. Sorry I can`t give you percentage. The latter is heavily mixed with Shtokavian. In the case of transparently cognate languages officially recognized as distinct such as Spanish and Italian, mutual intelligibility is in principle and in practice not binary (simply yes or no), but occurs in varying degrees, subject to numerous variables specific to individual speakers in the context of the communication. Balgarskijat ezik e pluricentrien ezik ima njakolko kniovni normi. Similar things are also valid for Ukraine and Belarus, both of which were parts of the Soviet Union, where Russian was the dominant official language. Mezentseva, Inna. Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. I kind of like it though . But even they will know the literary norm of their own language which will ease up the communication. I am a good control for this because I am an American but my father is Slovak(my mother is half Slovak but American) and I can understand about 50 % of Slovak and I do have a hard time with Czech but once I get past their hacek r I can understand quite a bit. This is simply not the case. Asymmetric intelligibility refers to two languages that are considered partially mutually intelligible, but where one group of speakers has more difficulty understanding the other language than the other way around.
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